Dogs come in all shapes and sizes, from the sleek greyhound to the adorably rotund bulldog. But when your pooch starts looking more like a furry ottoman than a playful pup, you might begin wondering about weight-loss solutions.
Enter the buzzworthy medication Ozempic. Made for humans with Type 2 diabetes, Ozempic has recently become a celebrity favorite for shedding pounds.
But what about our four-legged friends? Is there such a thing as Ozempic for dogs? Is Ozempic a possible solution for canine diabetes and obesity, or should it stay firmly in the realm of human health?
What Is Ozempic?
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Ozempic is the brand name for semaglutide, a medication initially developed to manage Type 2 diabetes in adults. It belongs to a class of drugs known as GLP-1 receptor agonists, which work by mimicking the action of a naturally occurring hormone called glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). This hormone helps regulate blood sugar levels and slows down digestion.
Ozempic slows gastric emptying, which means food stays in the stomach longer. This action helps control post-meal blood sugar spikes and promotes a sensation of fullness, reducing overall calorie intake. This mechanism has led to Ozempic being explored and prescribed off-label as a weight-loss aid for individuals struggling with obesity or overweight conditions, even those without diabetes.
Is Ozempic Safe For Dogs?
Ozempic is not approved for use in dogs. Its active ingredient, semaglutide, has not been studied in canines, leaving its effects largely unknown. While there is no semaglutide for dogs, some clinical studies have examined drugs similar to those in Ozempic, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists, in dogs. These studies have involved treating healthy or diabetic dogs (or both) with GLP-1 agonists. None of these studies specifically tested semaglutide, the active ingredient in Ozempic, and its weight-loss counterpart, Wegovy.
Ozempic is also very expensive, and ongoing shortages mean that even some people who need it cannot access it. Veterinarians do not prescribe it for diabetes, weight loss, or any other conditions in pets. So, while you might have visions of your pup dropping a few pant sizes, Ozempic is not the answer.
It is never safe to give a dog Ozempic or any other prescription diabetes drug without veterinary supervision, especially as a shortcut to avoid insulin injections. According to VCA Animal Hospitals, most dogs with diabetes have Type 1, or “insulin-dependent,” diabetes, making insulin therapy essential. Alternative treatments like Ozempic are not suitable substitutes.
If your dog is overweight or diabetic, consult your veterinarian. They can recommend proven, veterinary-approved treatments tailored to your pet’s needs, ensuring their health and safety come first.
Why Isn’t Ozempic for Dogs?
There are several reasons why Ozempic hasn’t been greenlit for dogs:
- Lack of Research: Insufficient data exists to confirm the safety or efficacy of Ozempic in dogs. Canines metabolize drugs differently than humans, and a medication that works for people could have unpredictable or harmful effects on dogs.
- Side Effects: Ozempic’s known side effects in humans include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. While these symptoms might also occur in dogs, their severity and potential complications are unknown.
- Alternative Treatments: Veterinary medicine already offers approved and effective treatments for managing canine diabetes and obesity. These options are designed specifically for dogs and come with established safety profiles.
What If My Dog Accidentally Ingests Ozempic?
Accidents happen. Maybe your well-meaning pet sitter mistook Ozempic for your canine’s insulin injection. Or maybe your curious pup is exceptionally skilled at finding and chewing items in the home.
If your dog is accidentally administered Ozempic, here’s what to do:
- Call your vet immediately: Time is of the essence. Provide your veterinarian details about the dosage ingested and your dog’s weight.
- Monitor for symptoms: Watch for signs like vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, or changes in appetite. These could indicate gastrointestinal distress, a common side effect of Ozempic.
- Avoid home remedies: Do not attempt to induce vomiting or give your dog human medications to counteract the effects. Always consult a professional.
- Visit an emergency clinic: Depending on how much Ozempic your pet was exposed to, they need additional medical care.
Side Effects of Ozempic in Dogs
Though not officially studied, potential side effects of Ozempic in dogs might include:
- Changes in appetite (either increased or decreased)
- Constipation
- Dehydration due to fluid loss
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Lethargy
- Vomiting
Ozempic and similar drugs are associated with certain risks in humans. For example:
- Pancreatitis: Ozempic can cause pancreatitis in people, a painful but reversible condition. The effects of semaglutide on a dog’s pancreas are unknown.
- Thyroid cancer: In humans, Ozempic raises the risk of thyroid cancer. This potential risk has not been studied in animals.
It’s also worth noting that semaglutide could interfere with a dog’s natural glucose regulation, leading to other serious complications. The bottom line? Keep Ozempic far out of your pup’s reach.
Canine Diabetes: Understanding the Basics
Canine diabetes is a condition where a dog’s body cannot regulate blood sugar levels properly, often due to insufficient insulin production. It’s more common in older dogs and certain breeds, like Dachshunds and Yorkies. Symptoms of diabetes in dogs can include excessive thirst, increased urination, weight loss despite a good appetite, and lethargy.
If your dog is diagnosed with diabetes, insulin therapy is usually the cornerstone of treatment. Unlike Ozempic, which mimics a hormone to control blood sugar, insulin directly helps your dog’s body utilize glucose effectively.
Administering insulin involves:
- Daily Injections: Most diabetic dogs require one or two daily insulin shots. Your vet will teach you how to give these safely and comfortably.
- Dietary Adjustments: Consistent meal timing and a low-carbohydrate diet can help manage blood sugar levels.
- Regular Monitoring: Monitoring your dog’s glucose levels and overall health is vital. Your vet may recommend periodic blood tests or at-home glucose monitoring.
While managing diabetes in dogs requires commitment, many pets go on to live happy, active lives with proper care.
The cost of caring for a pup with diabetes can be expensive, especially if they face ongoing insulin injections. Pet insurance policies may cover the costs of diabetes and insulin, but only if they aren’t considered pre-existing conditions in your pet. This emphasizes the importance of signing your pet up for health insurance as soon as possible. View our pet insurance reviews to find the best policy.
Solutions For Canine Obesity
According to a 2022 survey from the Association for Pet Obesity Prevention, 59% of canines in the U.S. are overweight or obese. Obesity is almost always caused by a combination of poor diet (high in calories and simple carbohydrates) and inactivity; however, there can also be other factors at work. Root causes of obesity in canines include:
- Genetics
- Hormone imbalance
- Inactivity
- Mood disorders (e.g., anxiety and depression)
- Preexisting medical conditions (e.g., hypothyroidism)
- Poor diet
- Side effects of pharmaceutical medication
- Sterilization
- Toxins
6 Alternatives to Ozempic for Weight Loss In Dogs
If your dog needs to shed a few pounds, plenty of safer, vet-approved options exist. These alternatives focus on improving your pet’s overall health while addressing obesity.
1. Prescription Diets
Specialized weight-loss dog foods, such as those offered by Hill’s, Purina, or Royal Canin, are explicitly designed for obese pets. These diets focus on reducing caloric intake while maintaining essential nutrients to support your dog’s overall health. Unlike standard dog food, these formulas typically feature:
- Lower calorie content: Your dog can enjoy satisfying portions without overeating by reducing caloric density.
- High fiber: Increased fiber helps promote a feeling of fullness, reducing your pet’s urge to beg for extra snacks.
- Optimal nutrition: These diets ensure your dog receives all necessary vitamins and minerals, even with reduced calorie intake.
Transitioning to a prescription diet should always be done under veterinary guidance. A gradual switch can help avoid gastrointestinal upset and ensure your pet adapts to their new food.
For those owners who seek dietary solutions outside of prescription diets, I would recommend looking for a high-protein, high-fiber recipe with a high concentration of vitamins and minerals. If you are including meat in your feeding plan, use organic or antibiotic- and hormone-free meats. Antibiotics and grown hormones used in raising livestock have been linked to various health concerns, including weight gain and obesity. If you need help getting started, check out our top picks for the best dog food for weight loss.
2. Caloric Control
Controlling your dog’s caloric intake is one of the simplest yet most effective ways to manage weight. Start by measuring food portions accurately using a kitchen scale or measuring cups. Feeding guidelines on commercial dog food packages are often generalized, so consult your veterinarian for a more tailored plan.
- Healthy treats: Swap calorie-dense treats for more nutritious options like small pieces of carrot, cucumber, or apple (ensure seeds and cores are removed).
- Scheduled feeding: Avoid free feeding, where food is left out all day, as it encourages overeating. Stick to set meal times instead.
- Avoid table scraps: Human food is often high in fat and calories, making it an easy culprit for weight gain in dogs.
Consistency and moderation are essential. Sudden, drastic reductions in food can lead to nutrient deficiencies or behavioral issues, so work with your vet to strike the right balance.
3. Increased Exercise
Exercise is crucial in weight management for dogs, just as it does for humans. Regular physical activity helps burn calories, strengthens muscles, improves cardiovascular health, and boosts mental well-being. Incorporating exercise into your dog’s routine can take many forms:
- Daily walks: Start with short walks and gradually increase the duration and intensity as your dog builds stamina.
- Interactive play: Engage your pet with fetch, tug-of-war, or responsive toys that encourage movement and mental stimulation.
- Swimming: For dogs that enjoy water, swimming provides a low-impact way to burn calories, making it ideal for older dogs or those with joint issues.
Consistency is key when introducing exercise to your dog’s lifestyle. Monitor their progress and consult your vet if you’re unsure how much activity is appropriate for your pet’s age, breed, or health condition.
4. Supplements
While supplements alone won’t lead to significant weight loss, they can support your dog’s overall health and metabolism during their weight-loss journey. Certain supplements may promote fat metabolism, improve joint health, or support digestion, all of which can aid in weight management. Popular options include:
- Omega-3 fatty acids: Found in fish oil, omega-3s are healthy fats that will help your pup feel satisfied after a meal. Omega-3s can reduce inflammation and support joint health, making it easier for overweight dogs to move comfortably.
- Probiotics: A healthy gut microbiome can influence metabolism and digestion, which is especially beneficial for dogs on a weight-loss plan.
- L-Carnitine: This amino acid supports fat metabolism and can be a helpful addition to a veterinary-supervised weight-loss program.
- Calcarea carbonica: A homeopathic remedy for treating obesity, especially if due to a hormonal imbalance.
Always consult your veterinarian before introducing supplements to ensure they are safe and beneficial for your dog’s needs.
5. Medications for Canine Obesity
In severe cases of canine obesity, your veterinarian may recommend the FDA-approved weight-loss medication dirlotapide, marketed under the brand name Slentrol. This medication works by reducing appetite and decreasing fat absorption, helping dogs lose weight effectively under veterinary supervision.
Key points about Slentrol include:
- Mechanism of action: Slentrol alters how fat is absorbed and processed, reducing the number of calories retained from food.
- Strict supervision: Regular check-ups are necessary to monitor progress and adjust dosages as needed.
- Potential side effects: Some dogs may experience vomiting, diarrhea, or changes in appetite, so close monitoring is essential.
Weight-loss medications are typically prescribed only when other interventions, such as diet and exercise, have proven insufficient. They are not a substitute for a comprehensive weight-management plan but can be a valuable tool in certain situations.
6. Rule Out Underlying Conditions
Sometimes, a dog’s weight gain isn’t solely due to overeating or lack of exercise. Medical conditions like hypothyroidism or Cushing’s disease can contribute to obesity. Identifying and treating these underlying issues is crucial for effective weight management.
Key considerations include:
- Hypothyroidism: This condition slows metabolism and can cause lethargy and weight gain. Treatment typically involves daily thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
- Cushing’s Disease: Caused by an overproduction of cortisol, this condition can lead to increased appetite, weight gain, and other symptoms. Depending on the cause, treatment options include medication or surgery.
- Routine check-ups: Regular veterinary visits can help detect these conditions early and ensure your pet receives appropriate treatment.
Addressing medical issues not only aids in weight management but also improves your dog’s overall quality of life. If your dog struggles to lose weight despite a proper diet and exercise, consult your veterinarian for a thorough evaluation.
By exploring these alternatives, you can provide your dog with a safe and effective weight-loss plan tailored to their needs. Remember, your veterinarian is your best resource for ensuring your furry friend stays healthy and happy throughout their weight-loss journey.
How to Know If Your Dog Needs To Lose Weight
Not sure if your furry friend is carrying a little extra baggage? Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for your dog’s overall well-being, as obesity can lead to serious health issues such as joint problems, diabetes, heart disease, and more. By assessing your dog’s body condition, you can take proactive steps to prevent these complications and ensure they live a long, healthy life.
Rib Check
The rib check is one of the simplest ways to evaluate your dog’s weight. Gently place your hands on their sides, running your fingers over the rib area. Ideally, you should be able to feel their ribs easily through a thin layer of fat, but they shouldn’t be overly pronounced or jutting out.
If you must press firmly to locate the ribs, your dog is likely carrying excess fat. Ribs that are difficult to feel suggest that your dog’s caloric intake may exceed their energy expenditure. Adjusting your dog’s diet and exercise routine can help improve their body composition.
Waistline
Take a moment to observe your dog from above while they’re standing. A healthy dog should have a noticeable waist that narrows just behind the ribcage. If your dog’s body shape resembles a cylinder or sausage, with no visible tapering, it may be a sign of obesity.
Ensuring your dog maintains a healthy body condition will reduce the time they spend resting due to fatigue, decreasing the likelihood of unused calories.
Abdominal Tuck
Another way to assess your dog’s weight is by looking at their profile from the side. A healthy dog will have an abdominal tuck, meaning their belly slopes upward from the ribcage toward the hips. This gentle upward curve indicates a lean body condition.
Energy Levels
Pay attention to your dog’s activity levels and stamina. Overweight dogs often struggle to keep up during walks, tire quickly during playtime, or appear lethargic. If your dog seems less enthusiastic about physical activity or has difficulty completing their usual exercise routine, it could be due to carrying extra weight.
Reduced activity can create a vicious cycle, where weight gain further limits mobility. Encouraging regular, low-impact exercise like swimming or short walks can help improve your dog’s overall fitness while supporting stable energy levels.
Other Signs
Additional clues that may indicate your dog needs to lose weight include labored breathing, difficulty jumping onto furniture or into the car, and reluctance to exercise.
Take note of changes in your dog’s skin, such as hair loss or thickened patches, which may indicate early-stage pressure sores. Pressure sores or calluses, often develop when extra weight forces dogs to spend more time lying down, placing excess pressure on specific parts of their body. Ensuring your dog has access to a comfortable resting area, like a padded dog bed, can help prevent these issues while you work on their weight loss plan.
Consulting Your Veterinarian
If you’re unsure about your dog’s weight or body condition, visit your veterinarian. They can provide a thorough evaluation, including determining your dog’s ideal weight based on their breed, age, and size. Your vet can also check for related complications, such as joint strain, and recommend tailored solutions to address these issues.
Your veterinarian may suggest gradual changes, such as switching to a low-calorie diet, incorporating more physical activity, or using tools like food puzzles to slow down eating. They may also recommend using orthopedic beds or special padding to protect your dog’s skin and joints from pressure while they rest. Monitoring your dog’s progress with professional guidance ensures they lose weight safely and comfortably.
By staying vigilant about your dog’s weight and body condition, you can help them maintain a healthy and active lifestyle. Remember, achieving and maintaining a healthy weight isn’t just about appearance—it’s about ensuring your dog enjoys a longer, happier life, free from preventable complications like pressure sores and mobility challenges.
My Personal Experience With Canine Obesity
When I adopted my three-year-old Golden Retriever, Rio, he tipped the scales at 133 pounds. (For reference, the average weight range of his breed is 55 to 75 pounds.) Along with the number on the scale, it was clear that Rio was struggling with his weight. His abnormal gait made him appear like he was waddling; he couldn’t jump off the ground and would get tired after only five minutes of walking. Rio also had thick calluses on his elbows, which is common in overweight dogs.
With a combination of diet changes, calorie restriction, and increased exercise, Rio lost 22 pounds in three months. His calluses are now gone, and the hair on his elbows has grown back. While Rio is still on his weight loss journey, it’s clear that he has so much more energy—the pep back in his step.
The Final Word on Ozempic For Dogs
Can dogs take Ozempic for weight loss? While the idea of putting your dog on a trendy medication like Ozempic might sound like a quick fix, it’s not a safe or practical solution. Instead, focus on proven methods like balanced nutrition, exercise, and regular vet check-ups. And remember: Weight loss is a team effort. Your dog relies on you to make healthy choices, so grab that leash and commit to helping your pup achieve a healthier, happier life.
Fido doesn’t need Ozempic; he needs you to be his biggest cheerleader in the journey to better health. So, lace up those walking shoes, stock up on low-calorie treats, and get ready to help your dog live their best (and healthiest) life.
More Tips To Get Your Dog In Shape
Do you know how heavy your dog should be? If Fido is above his recommended weight or body condition score (BCS), he may be at risk of obesity and a host of correlated health issues. Check out our article on how to help your dog lose weight for more tips on how to shed those pesky pounds.
Why Trust Canine Journal?
Tara is a writer and content creator for Canine Journal, specializing in health and nutrition. She has 8+ years of experience in the wellness industry, where she has worked with countless dog parents on holistic approaches to healing and aging. Tara holds a B.A. in Multimedia Journalism from Simpson College and is also a certified holistic nutritionist. She currently lives with a Golden Retriever named Rio and “the girls” Luna and Lucy, his feline siblings.